Language Background and the Speech Community

Being born in Russia, Russian is my native language. According to the Refugee Council, Russian is extensively used as a language for communication of all the Slavic languages. Statistically speaking, most people in the Russian Foundation and other independent federations are speakers of the Russian Language. (Refugee Council, 2008) Moreover, the Russian language is distinguished by the United Nations as one that belongs to the list of six official languages all over the world. (Today Translations, 2008) To illustrate the far-reaching influence of the Russian language, let us enumerate the countries with major Russian speaking populations, such as Belarus, Estonia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Moldova, not to mention Russia, Tajikistan, Ukraine, and Uzbekistan. Russian is not considered as the official language in Kazakhstan and Tajikistan, however it is popularly used in, most especially in business and government communications. Other countries, like Finland for example, also have a Russian speaking population composed of the minority inhabitants. (Infoplease, 2008) The Russian language does not follow a formal system or rules. It concentrates on the reproduction of sounds and stress that is stated in variation with the attached denotative or connotative meaning of the words in a statement. Russian language, together with the Ukrainian and Belarusian languages have emerged from the Slavonic language that originated from the East. (Today Translations, 2008) Since the Russian language is more focused on the phonetic aspect of speaking, the language is primarily based on the Russian alphabet or what historians call the Cyrillic Alphabet. Apparently, the alphabet originated not from Russia, but from Greece. The onset of Greek missions who happened to arrive at Istanbul proliferated the use of the Cyrillic alphabet that is primarily based on the Greek alphabet. Needless to say, the Russian language traces back its influences from Greece. (Orbislingua, 2008) I belong to a community that upholds discipline within the self and as a citizen of Russian and the maintenance of the good of all the citizens, not just oneself. Just like our political system, everything is organized and judged in our every day life according to what is good for all. Close relationships between others is evident in how we deal with others and our way of welcoming them with affectionate actions and gestures. In addition to this, most of us are cynical and distrustful. The uniqueness of the Russian language may be traced to the distinct sentence patterns and sounds and stress produced in speaking Russian. The structure of the sentences does not follow a particular rule or pattern, but is dependent on how the speaker wants to say it. For instance, to emphasize an adjective, it goes first in the sentence. On the other hand, if the noun is emphasized in the sentence, then it goes first. (Orbislingua, 2008) In addition, the use of articles, transitional or connecting phrases and words (such as is, are, a, an, the, etc.), does not really apply in speaking the Russian language. Therefore, if a native Russian speaker attempts to speak in English, then it would be difficult for native Russian speakers to create a complete and a grammatically sound and correct English statement due to certain deficiencies.   Furthermore, most consonants in the Russian language produce sounds that are almost similar to the â€Å"s† sound and utilizes the movement of the tongue in speaking. This greatly contributes to the unique nature and phonetic aspect of the use of the Russian Language. (Orbislingua, 2008) The similarities of the Russian language to the English language, for instance, is evident in the three tenses of English verbs that also applies to the verbs of the Russian language. At times, it also follows the order and structure of the sentences in the English language, however the Russian sentence order and structure is more accommodating to the situation in which two Russian speakers are talking. (Orbislingua, 2008) References Infoplease. (2008). Languages by Countries. Retrieved March 14, 2008, from HighBeam Orbislingua. (2008). Russian language. Retrieved March 14, 2008, from Orbislingua.com. Website: http://www.orbislingua.com/eaha.htm Refugee Council. (2008). Language background of major refugee groups to UK. Retrieved March 14, 2008, from Refugee Council. Website: http://languages.refugeecouncil.org.uk/top_navigation/Language_profiles.htm Today Translations. (2008). Russian Language History. Retrieved March 14, 2008, from Today                  

Cereal Partners Worldwide (CPW) Essay

This was achieved by combing all the organization strength into one. General Mills brought massive manufacturing capabilities, excellence in products and production process, and diversified portfolio of products. Nestle brought feeding the world, selling in all countries and deep understanding of international marketing and distribution. With the upstream value chain, CPW will need to centralize procurement on raw materials for all its manufacturing operations. By using this strategy will receive CPW more of the bargaining power when dealing with suppliers. This will result in lower costs and better opportunities for future suppliers. With the downstream of the value chain regarding marketing/sales & distribution and having these parts of the organization decentralized, this will give CPW  competitive advantage over competitors. This will give CPW the ability to market variety of different product to certain individual consumers. When one compares both advantages over CPW and Kellogg with the value chain, it can see which has the better-perceived customer value. Kellogg had the better value added chain; this was shown by comparing advantages over CPW. By looking at the advantages compared with both companies, this can explain why Kellogg is more of a market lead in international business strategy. The two best blue ocean strategy would be having a stand-alone store and partnering up with a fitness centre to form a private label. With having a stand-alone or a private label, this will give CPW to connect with their health-conscious consumer. Another benefit of doing a private label is a decrease in cost relative brand marketing. This gives CPW to focus on the quality of the product to increase brand loyalty and confidence. To increase sales volumes, CPW needs to improve on penetrating into their market using a glocalization strategy. There are five areas that CPW can work on marketing and brand strategy, strengthening core brands, Innovation and new product launch, new global brands, and merger and acquisition. This will give CPW more of a presence in their market and be able to act like an international and local provider to their consumer base. How can General Mills and Nestlà © create international competitiveness by joining forces with CPW?General Mills and Nestle need to leverage the value chain in their joint venture to gain market share. This can be done by centralizing upstream activities and decentralizing downstream activities. Adjusting how these activities are undertaken in the portfolio of international markets will enable the joint partnership to better leverage their core competencies. The CPW Value ChainThe CPW value chain consists of upstream and downstream activities. The CPW partnership divided the upstream and downstream activities to better leverage General mills and Nestle core competencies. With General Mills strengths concentrated in the upstream with their Massive manufacturing capabilities, Excellence in products and production process, and  Diversified portfolio of products. This combination of core competencies makes them ideal to handle the upstream  processes. Nestle is the world’s largest food manufacturer and specialize in making sure the world gets fed.CITATION Har08 l 1033 (Hollensen, 2008) Their core competencies are focused on the downstream and consist of Feeding the world Selling in all countries Deep understanding of international marketing and distribution An understanding of the CPW joint venture value chain can help create international competiveness. Centralization of the Upstream Activities. Upstream actives for the current joint venture are a combination of primary and support activities. Competitive advantage in upstream and support activates often grow more out of the entire system of countries in which a firm competes than from its position in any single country CITATION Har08 l 1033 (Hollensen, 2008). The CPW partnership can start by centralizing procurement of raw materials for all of its manufacturing operations. Doing this will enable them to achieve greater bargain power over suppliers and thus lower their costs. Maybe insert something about production planning and combine it with the creation and tweaking of current products for individual markets. De-centralizing downstream ActivitiesNestle specializes in feeding the world. They are unbelievable at delivering quality products to multiple international markets. The CPW partnership needs to decentralize this part of the operation. Downstream activities create competitive advantages that are largely out of local activities and create entry/mobility barriers in that country alone. CITATION Har08 l 1033 (Hollensen, 2008) Decentralizing the marketing/sales and distribution of the products will enable the team to target individual tasks in the downstream value chain to gain competitive advantage over the competition. For instance, a product might not be right for a certain market and a de-centralized marketing department would be better equipped to pick up on that and make changes better suited to the local consumer. The CPW partnership was created to leverage the core competencies of the two companies. Carol can use this to her advantage by centralizing the upstream activities and decentralizing the downstream activities. CITATION Har08 l 1033 (Hollensen, 2008) Doing this will enable multiple competitive  advantages to be created in the overall value chain. Evaluate the international competitiveness of CPW compared to the Kellogg Company.Kellogg Background InformationKellogg organization has been able to be the number one manufacturer spot. They have achieved this by adopting an international strategy at beginning of their start up. This led to Kellogg organization, the pathway to developing a strong brand globally and concentrate on their core competence of their business. Also, Kellogg was able to market their products effectively with all region they desired to sell to. Having this effectively marketing plan, Kellogg was able to have a strong presence in all regions. CITATION Har08 l 1033 (Hollensen, 2008)Value ChainTo compare international competitiveness the value chain is the best way to evaluate the advantages, and each organization has over the other. Kellogg AdvantagesDeveloped their international strategy at an early stage of the business. This has helped Kellogg develop connects in the international business field which helps with relative costs. Perceived Value could be higher than CPW with more presence in the international market. Comparing sales volumes and market share are higher this has led to advantage with Economic of scale. Having production flexibility, better coordination of the whole value chain. Faster implementation of new ideas on products to the market place CPW AdvantagesMore of a market leader in countries other than North America. Well known partner Nestle on collaborating with products to various regions and countries. Has a strong and leading brand with General Mills. By looking at the advantages compared with both companies, this can explain why Kellogg is more of a market lead in international business strategy. Suggest how CPW can create a blue-ocean strategy.In a fast evolving modern society, consumers begin to step away from traditional breakfast meals. The reasons are the lack of time available in the morning, or the increased popularity of fad diets, and trends. In order to keep up with a saturated market of breakfast options, CPW needs to consider the following blue-ocean strategies. First Strategy: Stand-alone storeThe first strategy is to open stand-alone breakfast cereal stores. The stores would offer a variety of breakfast cereals produced by Nestle and General Mills Inc. for the healthy  conscious consumers on the go. A number of options would be offered with the purchase of cereal, such as a variety of dairy and non-dairy products, sugar and sugar substitutes, including cane sugar, brown sugar and liquid sugar. Other add-ons to cer eal will include fresh fruit, dried fruit, nuts, and seeds to appeal to the growing health-conscious consumer demographic. CPW will offer a variety of breakfast bars for consumers who still want the quality of breakfast cereal. This will attract consumers do not possess the time to sit down and to have the traditional morning breakfast, another option exists. In order to entice brand new and returning consumers, a loyalty program will be introduced, such as stamp cards, in order to receive discounts and free products. Second Strategy: Partnership with fitness centresThe second strategy is to join a partnership with fitness centres such as Steve Nash and Club 16, and offer its members the variety of CPW cereals or breakfast bars. Many of the fitness centres are open 24/7 or open early, so a number of consumers who use their services choose to forfeit their breakfast for attending a fitness centre. This is an ideal target market for CPW, because the company is trying to appeal to a health-conscious consumer with the healthier cereals, and breakfast bars, which are becoming increasingly popular. Where and how can CPW create further international sales growth?General Mills and Nestle have been able to use their international strengths of their organizations to become number two in most of their industry. This has been able to be successful by using the CPW’s 50% stakeholder positon that General Mills owns. CITATION Har08 l 1033 (Hollensen, 2008) For CPW to continue to grow in the international cereal market, there are a few countries that are not being completely penetrated into the cereal market. This can be seen by the chart below comparing the per capita consumption per year (kg) with the following listed regions CITATION Har08 l 1033 (Hollensen, 2008) CITATION Har08 l 1033 (Hollensen, 2008)For CPW to have further international sales growth, the bottom four regions have a better penetration strategy. This can be done through marketing and brand strategy, strengthening core brands, Innovation and new product launch, new global brands, and merger and acquisition. Marketing and Brand StrategyIn the past, the level of sugar levels in cereals have had a negative impact with the consumers that purchase cereal worldwide. CITATION Har08 l 1033 (Hollensen, 2008) To reverse this impact and to attract more consumers CPW should be using a health marketing and brand strategy. CPW needs to be able to show and tell that CPW has changed their cereals to fit the everyday health-conscious consumer. Strengthening Core BrandingWith exists, brands in regions CPW needs to establish a better brands awareness to their consumers. This can be achieved by continuing using marketing campaigns. The way that these campaigns will affect the sales growth will be better connecting to CPW consumers. CPW needs to a better understanding of what their consumers want out of breakfast cereal. This can be done through celebrity endorsements with some of their cereal brands. New Global BrandsCPW will be able to increase their sales by using a golocalization strategy for all regions. The way CPW succeed in this is my looking at each of these regions and seeing the local customer needs, culture, and local markets. Doing this CPW will have a better understanding of why South-West Europe, South- East Asia, Russia, and China are considerably lower Per Capita Consumption Per Year (kg) compared to the other regions. Innovation and New Product Launch CPW needs to continue using the value-added chain, so CPW continually develops new innovated products that reach a variety of consumers. This will keep CPW ahead of their competition and to keep existing and add new potential consumer. By keeping their existing and new potential consumers, CPW will be able to increase their sales. For example; city dwellers are more on the go and need some that they can just pick up and go. A perfect product for this would be a cereal bar for the on the go worker. Merger and  AcquisitionThe growth of cost for branded products has led to private label products which have seen up to a 30% increase. CITATION Har08 l 1033 (Hollensen, 2008) This is a huge opportunity that CPW can do for their international marketing by concentrating on the brand identity. This will increase brand loyalty and confidence that CPW lacks with a few of their regions. CPW has seen success in using this strategy with their Australia. CPW achieved this by partnering up with Unc le Toby’s if CPW does this with South-West Europe, South- East Asia, Russia, and China it will have a huge increase in sales. ConclusionCereal Partners Worldwide (CPW) combined forces with General Mills and Nestle in order to create more international competitiveness. With the upstream value chain, CPW will need to centralize procurement on raw materials for all its manufacturing operations. This way CPW will have improve their upstream value chain. The downstream of the value chain needs to be decentralized regarding marketing/sales & distribution. This will give CPW more of a competitor advantages when selling products to variety of consumers. When one compares both advantages over CPW and Kellogg with the value chain, it can see which has the better-perceived customer value. Kellogg had the better value added chain; this was shown by comparing advantages over CPW. By looking at the advantages compared with both companies, this can explain why Kellogg is more of a market lead in international business strategy. The two best blue ocean strategy would be having a stand-alone store and partnering up with a fitness centre to form a private label. With having a stand-alone or a private label, this will give CPW to connect with their health-conscious consumer. Another benefit of doing a private label is a decrease in cost relative brand marketing. This gives CPW to focus on the quality of the product to increase brand loyalty and confidence. To increase sales volumes, CPW needs to improve on penetrating into their market using a glocalization strategy. There are five areas that CPW can work on marketing and brand strategy, strengthening core brands, Innovation and new product launch, new global brands, and merger and acquisition. This will give CPW more of a presence in their market and be able to act like an international and local provider to their consumer base. Bibliography BIBLIOGRAPHY Hollensen, S. &. (2008). Essentials of Global Marketing. Harlow, Essex, England: Pearson Education.

Printmaking Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Printmaking - Essay Example This painting shows a variety of things and affects the reader’s emotion in a variety of ways. The ability of the painter to incorporate simplicity and complexity all at once, or peace and hostility simultaneously, movement and stillness in the same piece make this piece highly admirable and equally impressive.The painter merely used paper and charcoal as opposed to using other preferable and durable media. Thirdly, the piece is also highly inspirational since it connects the audience with the emotions of the painter. Viewing such a painting, one would argue that the painter was in a state of emotional confusion, or experience mixed feelings with a deep urge to be at peace. As such, the depiction of the painting using diverse emotions and a key purpose in mind presented just the perfect piece of work. As such, the most intriguing aspect of the printmaking project by Nelligan is the fact that the painting is a metaphorical oxymoron. The depiction of two sides of an emotion in t he same picture, two opposing themes and two opposing features of a painting is the key reason that this painting is the perfect selection. The simplicity holds in it, from the media to the subject or overall theme of the painting is also admirable. The painter focused on a set of values and this thus shows a significant aspect about the exceptionality of the painter, a feature that any printmaker or painter would love to possess as a skill set. As such, the selection of this piece is based on one main conclusion; it is spectacular.

Functional Health Pattern Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Functional Health Pattern - Essay Example Functional Health Pattern is used in the process of collecting data that are helpful in formulating the diagnoses and inventions of planning. Community Health Assessment (CHAT) article, addresses issues associated with community nursing and diagnosis, and how health promotion projects should be implemented and evaluated. With the emphasis of current issues about health promotion among people, nurses need to get acquaintance with various activities that should be used in the promotion of various health issues in society. It is important for the students undertaking baccalaureate to learn the assessing process of the community these enable them to promote community health needs (Rankin et al, 2005). In the senior level of the promotion course, students mostly work in very small groups when assessing a community. They develop nursing tips and plan interventions basing them on diagnosis. Each of the students selected the health promotion in the community, implement and evaluate the results (Fitzpatrick & Meredith, 2006). The data collection was utilized to acquire usable and important information about the client population and society’s health. The tools used to obtain the data are as follows; firstly, demographical data acquired through census data, agencies, magazines, website, and public health department. The tables used included age, sex, ethnicity, persons as per the homestead, a structure of the house, education attainment, level of income, and access to health facilities. The table was to be included in the assignment. In the narration of the assignment, one had to interpret the data used in the tables. Secondly, Windshield Survey was used to find all the details and information necessary when obtaining data.

Effects of French Revolution WWI and WWII to the Social Fabric Essay

Effects of French Revolution WWI and WWII to the Social Fabric - Essay Example Germany was fined a carousal amount of money which forced it to borrow from USA. It also led to increased hostilities between the nations and races. Moreover, the war was a huge economic burden to the nations involved and the world in general. Failure of the world nations to learn from the WWI lead to the emergency of the WWII in 1945. The WWII was later followed by the Cold War that led to collapse of Soviet Union and USA emerging as the sole super power. (Mugambi, 2005, p15) Effects to the social fabric of the Western community. The French revolution led to the transfer of power from tyrannical monarchs to republicanism and democracies of the 21st centuries. The uprising characterized by modern society against any oppressive government is much as a result of French Revolution political ideological influence. Secondly, separation of church and state as two entities and subsequent emergency of secular states in western societies is traced back to French revolution. Thirdly, French revolution is the genesis of popularization of Civil Rights, equality, toleration, individual liberty and freedom which later had liberal influence in USA and Britain. French revolution is more or less linked with the origins of political factions for instance left wing, centre and right wing and conservatives versus liberal/ democrats the political characteristic of the western societies. Moreover, French revolution and culmination of events that followed will always be remembered as the origin of the monumental French constitution that define human rights that stand to be the point of reference in almost every country bill of rights as defined by United Nation (UN) and separation of powers that is still being the essence of western societies political arrangement. Above... The French revolution led to the transfer of power from tyrannical monarchs to republicanism and democracies of the 21st centuries. The uprising characterized by modern society against any oppressive government is much as a result of French Revolution political ideological influence. Secondly, separation of church and state as two entities and subsequent the emergency of secular states in western societies is traced back to the French revolution. Thirdly, French revolution is the genesis of popularization of Civil Rights, equality, toleration, individual liberty and freedom which later had liberal influence in USA and Britain. The French revolution is more or less linked with the origins of political factions for instance left wing, center and right wing and conservatives versus liberal/ democrats the political characteristic of the western societies. Moreover, French revolution and culmination of events that followed will always be remembered as the origin of the monumental French constitution that define human rights that stand to be the point of reference in almost every country bill of rights as defined by United Nation (UN) and separation of powers that is still being the essence of western societies political arrangement. Above all, French revolution promoted the idea of change and progress as good things. This has become a very distinctive mark of the modern western world.

US and UK Political Systems Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

US and UK Political Systems - Assignment Example Facts are stubborn things; and whatever may be our wishes, our inclinations or dictates of our passions, they cannot alter the state of facts and evidence†-John Adams To start with, there are three parts of the UK; Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland, each having a special status and local administration with a wide spectrum of responsibilities however England which represents the 84% of the total UK population does not have any regional government as compared to the US where every state has its own local government hence the British political system does not have anything equivalent to the federal system of the US. Secondly, the most important concept is that of separation of powers which clearly distinguishes between the US and UK government. In the US the constitution entails that three arms (the executive, the legislature and the judiciary) must be completely and strictly independent and indifferent from each other e.g. the president (head of the executive) cannot be the member of the Congress but in the UK it is the complete opposite. The British political system is pragmatic and flexible since the three arms of the government are easily dif fusible. The most striking contrast between the two systems is the absence of a written constitution in the UK. While in the US like other nations of the world, the constitution makes an integral part of the federal government while British political system relies heavily on the judgment of politicians, executive, judiciary and law arbitrators. The Britain parliament has a bicameral structure which consists of British House of Commons and the House of Lords; the latter is the upper chamber with far less authority than the former, it cannot veto a decision passed by the British House of Commons. This two-house law formulation and approval arrangement is a product of a thousand years long slowly evolved British Political system. Now when we compare it with the US, we notice that the US politics is dominated by two political parties; the democratic and the Republicans, (the British equivalent of these are the Labor and the Conservative parties).

Education - Diversity and Inclusion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Education - Diversity and Inclusion - Essay Example Developing a deeper understanding of how inclusion can develop with the growth of diversity and cultures then becomes an essential component for teachers that are working within the classroom. The personal relationship to diversity and inclusion is one which becomes complex because of the different perspectives which I relate to. The perspective as a student is one which is based on the cultural identity which I carry into the classroom. Each student comes from a different background, holds values and beliefs in place and creates specific attitudes and behaviors toward this. However, another individual, specifically those not from the locality, carry a different set of ideologies because of the cultural relationship which is presented. The relationships and dynamics which are created are complex in relation to the social development as well as the ability to teach the same subject matter to students that are at different levels of understanding. In my experience, this has created gap s in learning, specifically because no one is learning at the same pace or with the same approach to learning. More important, there is sometimes not the ability to develop the correct perspectives and associations with those that are in the classroom because of the cultural definitions and understanding. As a student, this has led to personal gaps in learning as well as times when it seemed as though the teacher was approaching only those which did not understand the subject matter. The problems associated with the perspective which I held as a student are linked directly to the questioning of what the definition of diversity and inclusion relates to. Currently, the policies and formulas for teaching in the classroom are to treat each student equally while giving students the same opportunities and information for success. However, the equality which is associated with teaching does not take into account the

Hype or reality Health and wellness Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Hype or reality Health and wellness - Essay Example ). The fact that competition has increased, is not only because of the desires of businesses to grow larger and better but also because of the ever growing unique needs and wants of consumers. These unique needs are a result of high level of awareness amongst consumers, which in turn is because of immense media proliferation, through internet, social networking sites, television, radio, print media, telephones etc (Top Ten Trends for Healthcare & Wellness in 2012 | HealthFlock). An aware consumer comprehends his needs better, identifies what is his requirement, and marketers or on large businesses, face the challenge to get into that consumer’s mind identify his needs and come up with such a combination of products and services as to satisfy that particular segment of large target market and sustain their aggressive approach towards understanding consumer needs (Top Ten Trends for Healthcare & Wellness in 2012 | HealthFlock). ... ellness is different in a way that it almost created a new canvas for itself to inflate in the industry that was a part of cosmetic beauty and medicine industry yet very different because of the amalgamation of ideas being brought together to generate the need in the minds of consumers (Market Trends Project More Growth for Wellness Industry | Company News | Wellsource). This was not an easy task to generate a need for a product or service which has many indirect competitors coming from several other fields of life and business, besides that the product offered was not a commodity but a luxury availed by the elites of societies, who had reserves of unlimited disposable income available to them all the time. A swift transition can strengthen the base of industry. Transition of health and wellness services to be perceived as an essential commodity for personal care, from the establishment time concept of it being a luxury item made for the entertainment of elitist classes of societies. Before moving on a few fact and figures related to industry, one must not forget to mention about the logic of ‘The Wellness Guru’, Paul Zane Pilzer, in his book ‘The Next Trillion’ claims that ‘more than half of the US population is unhealthy and overweight’ because of the health and wellness industry and the exponential growth in food industry (The Wellness Revolution). According to Paul Zane Pilzers’ ‘The Wellness Revolution’ $1.5 trillion of the US economy today is emerging from the wellness sector of the nation (The Wellness Revolution), while the Guru also extrapolates these figures to generate an estimated amount of $1 trillion additional to be invested in the sector by the end of year 2010, with the motive of ensuring a healthier, prettier and long lasting fresh

Simone de Beauvoir's Masterwork Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Simone de Beauvoir's Masterwork - Essay Example The Second Sex introduction contends against the edge of the woman question of why they are down casted. It argues for ladies correspondence while demanding the truth of the sexual differences between men and women. Beauvoir thinks that it unreasonable and indecent to utilize the sexual differences as a contention for ladies subordination. She discovers it un-phenomenological to overlook this pertinent issue. As a phenomenologist, she is obliged to look at ladies remarkable knowledge of their bodies and to decide how these encounters are controlled by what phenomenology calls the regular demeanor. It is a practical judgment skills and suspicions that people unreflectively bring to their experience. In the excerpt of Baby you are great by Wilhem surely lays concrete evidence to the introduction to the second sex by viewing women as commodities, split personalities, altered humans, post -humans, and judged and manipulated by media. Women are portrayed as weaker sex as tools for sexual satisfaction use. Women appear to be rated to youth and youth to be dressed in the same social poise as the grown-up guys. Later on, the young person, coveting and cherishing, encounters the safety, the freedom of the lady sought and cherished; in marriage, he regards lady as wife and mother, and in the solid occasions of marital life she remains there before him as a free being. He can thusly feel that social subordination as between the genders no more exists and that all in all, notwithstanding contrasts, lady is an equivalent. As, nonetheless, he watches a few purposes of second rate quality the most essential being unfitness for the callings he credits these to regular reasons. When he is in a co-agent and kindhearted connection with lady, his subject is the rule of theoretical equity, and he doesnt base his state of mind upon such imbalance as may exist.

Plastic Surgery Essay Example for Free

Plastic Surgery Essay Research Paper Outline Plastic Surgery Section Specialties Recruiting and Retention Fund November 6, 2012 Attn: Mr. Eric J. Harris, Q.C. From: Stan Valnicek, MD, Section Head – Plastic Surgery Dear Mr. Harris Thank you for taking the time to review our submission for the SRRF. We have tried to organize it into logical sections representing the issues that we face as a Section. Our argument is based on data from the following sources: 1. Canadian Institute for Health Information http://www.cihi.ca 2. Medical Services Plan (MSP) BC Payment Information 2010/11 report (Latest) 3. Survey of our section membership – October 2012 (83% response rate) i I have included the raw data in the appendix to this submission. We have tried to use the latest available data sets from sources independent to our section in order be fair and accurate in our claims. I am happy to provide all additional documentation and supporting evidence for items in this submission as required. The goal of this submission is to protect the provision of public hospital based plastic surgery services in the province of BC. Recent media attention in the Vancouver Sun has brought light to the long waits our patients face in the public system: http://www.vancouversun.com/health/Operation+Delayed/7494235/story.html Part of the public issue relates to limited hospital resources in the BC public health care system. Barriers to recruitment are primarily driven by availability of OR time and the willingness of Health Authorities to provide the necessary resources for new surgeons. Low remuneration does affect recruitment in areas of the province that are chronically unde rserviced since competitive rural opportunities exist across Canada even when major urban areas are well staffed. Our main issue as a section is retention of surgeons within the public system and this is primarily driven by significant intra and inter-provincial income discrepancies that put us near the bottom of all surgical specialties. Research Paper Outline 0. Definition of Plastic Surgery Plastic surgery is a misunderstood specialty and it is surprising to us how pervasive the misconceptions are among not just the public but also our colleagues in the medical profession. Media portrayals of cosmetic surgery have led to unfortunate distortions and harmful attitudes, which over the years have had significant negative impact on our profession and particularly on remuneration for public work. Plastic surgery as a specialty grew out of the need to address the management of complex wound healing issues in patients with severe burns, spinal cord injuries, major trauma or defects caused by the extirpation of cancers. This is still the core of our profession today. One hundred years ago skin grafting did not exist and even moderate burns were fatal or led to severe contractures and lifelong disability. Patients who had breasts or parts of their face removed spent their remaining lives disfigured and often shunned. Spinal cord injured patients lived with massive bedsores severely restricting their mobility and independence. Children born with congenital anomalies such as facial clefts were ostracized or worse. Those of us who carry out missions to the third world see the effects on patients and families in regions where plastic surgical care is not readily available. Plastic surgeons have also been pioneers in tissue transplantation, wound healing, nerve regeneration and tissue engineering. Rebuilding form and function has led to the development of entirely new areas such as hand and wrist surgery, facial trauma surgery, craniofacial surgery, microsurgery and skin cancer management. In the province of BC our plastic surgery section provides the majority of care in the following areas: Disease and injury to hand and wrist Disease and injury to the face Burns Congenital defects of the upper extremity or face Reconstruction for defects from cancer ablation Pressure sores in spinal cord injured or systemically ill patients Complex wounds Severe infections including necrotizing fasciitis Primary cancers of skin and soft tissue Microsurgical reattachment of amputated limbs or body parts (scalp, ear etc.) Microsurgical transplantation of tissue Gender reassignment surgery We are also the 3rd or 4th busiest surgical service (out of 10) in terms of emergency surgery due to our coverage of the majority of hand, wrist and facial injuries. ii Research Paper Outline I. Recruitment and Retention A: Demographics iii Prior to presenting our data, I would like to clarify some of the underlying demographic variables. We presently recognize a total of 81 BC plastic surgeons (defined as those with Canadian certification through the RCPS(C) or international equivalent) within our Section in BC. Some of these are part-time, semi-retired or in primarily private practice. These serve an estimated 2012 BC population of 4.5 million (Statscan 1). In order to determine â€Å"full time† practitioners, the Medical Services Commission (MSC) defines a cut off for low billings. This changes yearly and is currently set at $82,100 annual MSP billings or less. With this metric our numbers drop to 52 active surgeons for the last year data was available (2010/11)2. Government (MSP) plastic surgery census data differs slightly as they include anyone who â€Å"bills† primarily out of our section of the fee schedule as a â€Å"Plastic Surgeon†. There are about 3-5 of these physicians and may include Orthopedic surgeons with a primary hand surgery practice or temporary locums. For the purposes of this submission, we will use the most current MSP data sets for the following reasons: they are readily available to the BCMA and to each section. the BCMA uses them for their own calculations and allocations any allocated funds rightfully benefit physicians billing out of the plastic surgery section of the fee guide 1 2 http://www.statcan.gc.ca/ig-gi/pop-bc-eng.htm Medical Services Plan (MSP) BC Payment Information 2010/11 report attached Research Paper Outline B: Plastic Surgery Manpower in BC over past 5 years iv If one looks at the numbers from the MSP dataset for the last six years, our growth as a section seems significant. I have compared us to all other surgical specialties (9 sections) and medical specialties (18 sections). It would appear that the total number of BC plastic surgeons grew rapidly for 3 years with a leveling off in the last two. 3 18% 16% 14% 12% 10% 20% Plastic Surgery Anaesthesia 8% 6% 4% 2% 0% Other surgical specialties Medical Specialties Chart 1: 6 Year Trend in BC Physician Manpower over 2005/06 Baseline looking at total physician numbers per category 3 Medical Services Plan (MSP) BC Payment Information 2010/11 report attached Research Paper Outline v When one applies the semi-retired/part-time payment cutoff (set by MSP) to determine the trend in â€Å"full time† plastic surgeons, the numbers change dramatically. Here the data shows that despite an increase in anesthetists, medical specialists and other surgical specialties overall, the number of full time BC plastic surgeons has dropped in the last 6 years. 20% Plastic Surgery 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10 2010/11 Anaesthesia 15% 10% 5% 0% Chart 2: 6 Year Trend in BC Physician Manpower over 2005/06 Baseline looking at full time physician numbers per category -10% -5% Other surgical specialties Medical Specialties The MSP billing data shows that despite a 17% increase in the number of plastic surgeons in the province over 6 years, the number who bill over a minimum cut-off and would be considered full time has dropped 7%. This trend is in stark contrast to the growth of other specialty groups in BC. The population of BC from the 2006 to the 2011 census grew from 4.1 million to 4.4 million for a 9% increase. Another way of looking at the data shows that in 2005/06 only 19% of BC plastic surgeons were billing under the $82,100 cutoff while in 2010/11 the proportion had grown to 35%. The impact of this on public access to plastic surgical care is enormous. Research Paper Outline C) Manpower issues related to recruitment and retirement vi Our UBC Medical School has a training program for plastic surgeons. We traditionally produce 2-3 graduates a year. Given a population of 80 surgeons and a career span of 30-35 years one would anticipate needing 2-3 new surgeons each year in BC. The majority (88%) of UBC graduates stay in the province (based on a review of all graduates since 1971) and this is reflected in the rise in total plastic surgeons in BC over the past 5 years. A recent survey of our BC section membership (86% response rate) shows 55% feel their hospital is understaffed for plastics and a further 8.6% call their situation severely depleted. A full 70% of respondents would like to recruit one or more plastic surgeons to their community in the next 3 years. The top three barriers to recruitment were OR availability, cooperation of the Health Authority and low MSP remuneration compared to other provinces. Only 17% felt that availability of suitable candidates was an issue for recruitment. The important question is this: Why has the number of full time plastic surgeons dropped over the recent 5 year period as shown in Charts 1 and 2 despite growth in all other groups? The answer we believe lays in an accelerating and profound shift in our sections’ manpower and focus from the public system over to the private (cosmetic surgery) sector. D) Private (Cosmetic) Plastic Surgery – Myths and Realities The private or cosmetic practice in plastic surgery has existed since our specialty originated. Many views about private surgery reflect the situation either in the media (movie/television portrayals of cosmetic surgery) or is based on historical behavior (30 years ago private surgery was the domain of those who had â€Å"put their time in† for 25-30 years of active public practice and could now enjoy a more elective pace with less after hours and weekend responsibility.) The private system allowed for more elective daytime work with greater financial rewards and a less hectic pace. The move to a private practice by this group of older surgeons has never impacted the total number of full time surgeons in this province in the past. Something is different in the last 6 years and we are concerned by the changing pattern. It is our position that chronically low plastic surgery remuneration compared to our colleagues is driving our membership into the private system. Unfortunately the perception that we Research Paper Outline can make up for low MSP payments by simply doing private work has allowed MSP fee suppression to continue and driven more people out of the public system faster than ever. vii The BCMA has effectively handicapped the Section of Plastic Surgery over the past 7 years by including a multiplier in their MANDI (Modified Adjusted Net Daily Income) formula that assumes all plastic surgeons receive 30% of their net income from private surgery. This formula is central to any BCMA attempts at correcting intersectional disparity via the â€Å"microallocation† process. Our section feels this assumption is based on inaccurate, incomplete and out of date information and has spent significant time trying to correct the situation. We would be happy to provide more detail on how this has crippled the attempts at fee and income parity for full time MSP plastic surgeons in BC if requested. The psychological and physical toll of being one of the busiest surgical services while remaining at the bottom of the surgical specialist pay scale has come home to roost. A survey of membership done last month online (65 out of 76 responded) shows that: Most plastic surgeons in BC are engaged full time in the public MSP system 51% feel that in the next few years the proportion of their time private work to public will increase The most common cause for this transition is cited as poor MSP remuneration 34.5% feel burned out often or most of the time 33% intend to retire in the next 10 years Only 40% would advise new UBC plastic surgery grads to stay in BC

Coronary Artery Disease and Diabetes Mellitus

Coronary Artery Disease and Diabetes Mellitus Introduction The coronary artery supplies the blood to the heart muscles to enrich it with oxygen and other nutrients. It also carries deoxygenated blood away from the heart. The coronary artery consists of 2 main arteries; the right coronary artery which supplies blood to the right ventricles and right atrium and the left coronary artery which supplies blood to the left ventricles and left atrium. The two many arteries further divide into two; the left coronary artery divide into the circumflex artery which supplies blood to the back of the heart, the left anterior descending artery supplies blood to the front of the heart; the right coronary artery is divided into right posterior descending artery and large marginal arteries and supply blood to the sinoatrial nodes that control the heart  rhythmic rate. The coronary arteries have 3 layers of tissues; the tunica adventitia which covers the outside, the tunica media which is the middle layer and the tunica intima endothelium which is the inner layer. The diameters of the coronary arteries range from 0.6mm-4.4mm, any blockage to any of these arteries that stops blood flow to the affected area lead to coronary artery disease (CAD).       The normal blood glucose range is 4-6 mmol/L and 7.8mmol/L 2 hours after meal. This range is controlled by insulin which causes cells to absorb excess glucose in blood and glucagon which causes cells to release glucose from stores. Insulin is produced by the beta cells of the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas. When blood glucose level rises above its normal range insulin binds to the extracellular subunits of its receptors (IRS-1 and IRS-2) on the cell surface which sends signals into the cell causing the intracellular proteins to alter their activity which in turn initiates the movement of glucose transporters (GLU1-4, depending on the cell/tissues involved) to the cell membrane which then transports glucose into the cell where it may be further be converted glycogen, the storage form of glucose. Any impairment to the function of insulin, or its receptors lead to hyperglycemia and when excess of this glucose in bloodstream is passed in urine it results to diabetes mellitus. Diabe tes mellitus can be classified into two main types; Diabetes mellitus type 1 (DM 1) and diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM 2). High sugar levels in blood (hyperglycemia) maybe due to insulin resistance in cases of type 2 diabetes or destruction of beta cells of the pancreas in cases of type 1 diabetes, which downstream leads to CAD. Atherosclerosis which can occur in any part of the body result from endothelia damage which can be caused by high blood pressure, smoking, genetics, age, gender, high blood glucose, weight gain etc. when atherosclerosis occurs in any of the coronary arteries it leads to coronary artery disease. Events leading to atherosclerosis include; Endothelial damage which leads to inflammatory responses such as accumulation of white blood cells , low density lipoprotein (LDL)and high density lipoprotein (HDL), oxidation of LDL induced by free radicals (reactive oxygen species), platelet aggregation, chemotaxis of macrophages, formation of foam cells, proliferation of smooth muscle cells (atheroma occurs), fibrous tissue and calcium salts cause the atheroma to harden this results in less elasticity of the artery (atherosclerosis). All of these events narrow the coronary artery from the normal physiological range of 0.6-4.4mm (including small coronary arteries branching from the main arteries) to very smaller diameter depending on the level of narrowing and then eventual blockage preventing or limiting blood and nutrient supply to heart tissues leading to death of affected heart tissues, heart attack or even death of the patient. According to statistics, diabetes and coronary artery disease are closely related, this is because 50% of patients with diabetes are at risk of suffering CAD alongside. In the United States 77% cause of death is diabetic CAD. The prevalence of diabetes globally is increasing and its the major risk factor of other health conditions. The National Institute of Health reported that 65% of diabetic patients are more at risk of developing stroke, high blood pressure, obesity, kidney failure, and heart diseases such as cardiac arrest, myocardial infarction, and atherosclerosis in the heart (CAD) which when not optimally managed could lead to death. CAD and Diabetes Mellitus The cause of DM1 is unknown but studies say it could be genetic or viral infection which leads to an autoimmune condition where the body defense mechanism destroys its cells, in this case the pancreatic beta cells where insulin is produced. When the beta cells of the pancreas are destroyed, the pancreas will no longer be able to make insulin which downstream causes the bloodstream to be glucose logged due to inability of the body cells to move glucose out of the bloodstream, leading to impaired insulin secretion, decreased signalling in the hypothalamus, increased food intake, weight gain and hyperglycemia, which downstream leads to atherosclerosis. DM 2 is due to the body cells inability to respond to insulin stimulation. Insulin resistance is due to obesity, age and sedentary life style (irregular body activities), Age and sedentary lifestyle both lead up to increase in body weight (accumulation of adipose tissue). With or without hyperglycemia, insulin resistance can cause atherosclerosis, this results from increased lipolysis of adipocytes leading to increased nonesterified fatty acid secretion (NEFA), pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumour P1521598x necrosis factor-a (TNF-a), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1). NEFA can be deposited in and cause dysfunction of pancreatic beta cells, liver and skeletal muscles, all of which enhance insulin resistance and reduce production of insulin. Accumulation of NEFA in skeletal muscle leads to competition with glucose for substrate oxidation thereby increasing the intracellular content of fatty acid metabolites such as diacylglycerol (DAG), fatty acyl coenzyme A and ceremide which together activate serine/threonine kinase processes leading to insulin receptor substrate 1and 2 (IRS 1 IRS 2) phosphorylation, reducing their ability to undergo tyrosine phosphorylation and carry out their normal physiological function in insulin signalling. The final target of these receptors is the blockage of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3) which is responsible for decreasing expression of adherent molecules, NF-kb activation, Ros formation and increasing eNOS production. PI3 blockade leads to hyperstimulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAP-kinase) by increasing insulin production which contributes to vascular hypertrophy, hypertension, increased plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) production and arrhythmias, all of these processes lead to endothelial lining damage which causes atherosclerosis. Diabetes and Atherosclerosis Hyperglycemia can also lead this atherosclerosis because increase in blood glucose levels leads to increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) because of mitochondrial dysfunction which is the initial event observed in hyperglycemia. Glycolysis generates nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) and pyruvate. Pyruvate in tricarboxylic cycle (TCA) generates molecules  of CO2, 4 NADH and 1 FADH NADH and FADH are electron carriers/donors in the electron transport chain which is made up of 4 complexes, I-IV). In mitochondria, NADH and FADH donate electron for generation of ATP. In hyperglycemia, there is increased glycolysis which leads to increased electron donation to the electron transfer chain (ETC) which increases electron flux raising voltage across the membrane and generates higher membrane potential eventually reaching a threshold where transport at complex III is blocked, increasing electron donation to O2 at complex III generating ROS, mostly superoxide (O-). Superoxide inactiva tes glycolytic enzymes glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase which induces vascular injury via 4 main pathways; protein kinase C pathway, hexosamine pathway, advanced glycation endproducts and polyol pathway. ROS enhances atherosclerosis by blocking eNOS synthase which enhances production of other ROS especially in endothelial cells and vascular muscle cells. Superoxide reacts with nitric oxide to form peroxynitrite which selectively inhibits prostacyclin (PGI2) disrupting its synthases iron-thiolate centre. PGI2 inhibition causes build-up of its precursor prostaglandin endoperoxide (PGH2) which induces vasoconstriction and endothelial dysfunction. In addition, PGH2 promotes the conversion of PGI2 to thromboxane A2 by thromboxane synthase which leads to platelet aggregation. Diabetes and Response to injury Endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are responsible for response to injury and hypoxia, both are lacking in diabetes, this makes repair of injury very slow enhancing atherosclerosis. Conclusion   Ã‚   With or without hyperglycemia, DM leads to atherosclerosis which if it happened in the coronary artery lead to narrowing and eventual blockage of the coronary artery leading to CAD. In DM 1 it goes through hyperglycemia/mitochondrial dysfunction pathway whereas in DM 2 it goes through insulin resistance/lipolysis pathway even in slim individuals if there is unequal distribution of fat across the body, it interferes with insulins ability to suppress lipolysis leading to higher NEFA production. Whichever way, DM is likely to lead up to CAD (when atherosclerosis occurs in the coronary artery) and other diseases such as obesity, high blood pressure, kidney disease and heart attack. One thing that can be seen in the events leading up to CAD are positive feedback events, for example, ROS blocks eNOS synthase which enhances the production of more ROS.

Free Speech on the Internet :: Web Laws Politics Rights Essays

Free Speech on the Internet Freedom of speech has been a big issue on the Internet lately. But I'd like to suggest that, properly viewed, "policy markets" are a much bigger free speech issue than the recent ban on "indecent" internet posts. First, let's start with the puzzle "why free speech?". What is the fundamental difference between a legislature forbidding some people from making "indecent" speech at the request of others who fear being offended by such speech, and a legislature taxing some people to pay for other people's education or recreation? In each case interests are opposed, there are political winners and losers, and a majority may trample on some "rights" of a minority. Why should one case be forbidden and the other allowed? The strongest widely-accepted argument for having courts strike down laws which limit "free speech" is to protect communications intended to influence the political process. You see, even if a large majority preferred to ban indecent speech, or to fund education with taxes, they might never find out that they all preferred this outcome if they were prevented from publicly discussing the issue. Instead, a government might lock in its current advantage and preferences by forbidding any questioning of its current laws. Without free political speech, a minority might much more easily trample on a majority (a worse fate than a majority trampling a minority). Thus political speech deserves extra protection. Note, however, that this argument for political "speech" applies to any action whose main consequence is to communicate information to influence the political process (and whose other consequences are not overly burdensome to others). So not only should it apply to newspapers, TV, the internet, T-shirts, bumper-stickers, and window signs, but it should also apply to political demonstrations and other expensive political "signals". You see, the main information communicated by a political demonstration is not the words chanted or held high on posters, but that fact that these people care enough to spend their time demonstrating for this cause. (Thus it is important to demonstrate in clear public view, and to not look like you're having too much fun.) Expensive signals like demonstrations can communicate what mere words cannot - strength of feeling and opinion. (Sure you can say you really care, but everyone says that.) Unfortunately, many expensive political signals, such as campaign contributions and political advertizing, are widely limited by law. Perhaps such limits can be justified by arguing that these actions can also do much harm, in addition to communicating information to politicians and voters.

From The Lord To The Devis Hands :: essays research papers

â€Å"I came to do the Devil’s work† is the ironic and sad truth that Reverend John Hale realizes in Arthur Miller’s dramatic play, The Crucible. One can see that Hale’s personality changes enormously throughout the play. These changes are illustrated by Hale’s many statements in the play. The statements in the beginning of the play establish Hale’s firm beliefs and toward the end of the play his disgust with the outcome of the trials.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Hale is a very intriguing person with many character traits. â€Å"They must be, they are weighted with authority.† (p. 36) This shows that he is sure of his actions and himself. Another thing that he is sure of is witchcraft. This is shown when he states, â€Å"The Devil is precise; the marks of his presence are as definite as stone.† (p.38) and, â€Å"Are you gathering souls for the Devil?†(p. 44). One of Hale’s character flaws is that he judges by appearances. â€Å"You look as such a good soul should.† (p. 37) and, â€Å"A claim so weighty cannot be argued by a farmer.† (p. 99) He claims to be the right-hand man of the Lord, â€Å"Have no fear now; we shall find him out if he has come among us, and I mean to crush him utterly if he has shown his face.† When in reality, his actions and beliefs end with tragic results. Hale believes so strongly in his religion that he is willing to use unjust procedures to extract the information he wants. He does this when questioning Tituba and John Proctor. â€Å"When the Devil comes to you, does he come with another person? Perhaps another person in the village?† (p. 45) and â€Å"God put you in his hands to help cleanse this village.† (p. 46) Hale uses these persuading techniques and the authority of the church to find and punish the â€Å"enemies† of the church.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the second act, the audience can actually make a distinction between the morally weak Reverend Parris and Reverend Hale. When Hale goes to the Proctor’s house and hears about the accusations, he states, â€Å"if Rebecca Nurse be tainted, then nothing’s left to stop the whole green world from burning.† (p. 80) Yet, Hale is so religious that he has difficulty denying the charges. He even states, â€Å"until an hour before the Devil fell, God thought him beautiful in heaven.† (p. 68) Hale has a mental conflict here: His personal feelings tell him that a person such as Rebecca couldn’t be a witch but his training has taught him that Rebecca could be possessed by the Devil.

Macbeth Monologue Spoken by Banquo Essay

Banquo lies on the side of the river after being ambushed by Macbeths pass men. He reflects on Macbeths and his own behavior since the prophecies made by the witches, as well as reflecting on Fleance and the person he is to become. The nullify of Act III, Scene 3. After Banquos murder. (Lying) Here I lie, cold, wet, solely and betrayed on my death bed. Is this what I deserve? Have I been dealt a hand fair to the way I birth lived my life? No, I know that I lived my life justly. I acted on my beliefs and I was always loyal and honest to those I held dear. (Getting Up) I fought against the dreams of those predictions and proved myself worthy of what was told. I defended my character and spoke up for what I stood for. I would not weaken in the await of temptation. (Standing) Since the day on the heath where those foul hags told Macbeth and I our fates, Macbeth has not been himself. As if overcome by some evil spirit, he has changed his ways, actively seeking his future through deceit, wicked speculations and regicide, what I now no longer suspect him of, but think he committed. Firstly, Thane of Glamis, a title he already held. Following(a) was Thane of Cawdor, this he was named shortly after the predictions, he did nothing to by design receive the title but be his own character, a strong, passionate and loyal countrymen. The real Macbeth we all knew and respected. But the three prediction was the one that changed Macbeth, a title that toyed with his ambition. Being told he would become King I believe was the beginning of the end for him. Over time his aspirations led him to take a route the†¦

Is discovery always a good thing? Essay

Humanity’s interest in unknown world has been universal and enduring. Accompany with human development, discovery the unknown world has become more and more important to human life. Some people think discovery is a good thing. They will tell you how X-ray used by medical professionals to help diagnose and treat a wide range of medical problems. They will also tell you what a mass your life will be if Benjamin Franklin did not discovered electricity. But other argue people think discovery bring disaster to human. They will tell you if Martin Heinrich Klaproth did not discover uranium, maybe atomic bomb would not been invented. Although the question about whether discovery always a good thing has so many different opinions. I believe that discovery has a positive effect on our life. Discoveries provide the benefit greater than the risk. It makes our life efficient and comfortable. This essay will pinpoint benefits of discovery. The first opinion is discovery in medicine can rais e patients’ survival rates and reduce the pain caused by the illness. After that I will talk about the convenience bring by discovery in the daily life. Finally, I will state that discovery advance human development. From 18st century, human have discovered so many important things in the medical field. These medical discoveries have had a great impact on the development of modern medicine. Have you ever heard about X-rays? In 1895, Wilhelm Roentgen discovered X-rays. He was not searching for X-rays. In fact, he did not known such a thing existed until he discovery proved that it was there. Nowadays X-rays were widely used in medicine domain, and have been one of the most powerful, useful, and lifesaving diagnostic tools in the world. Another example is penicillin. Penicillin is a unexpected discovery. It has saved millions of people during the last years of world war two alone. Penicillin is the first antibiotic to successfully fight bacterial infections and disease. In 20th century, it was called a miracle medicine, and opened an door to entry antibiotic families. Obviously these discoveries make great contribution to modern medicine. They not only raise patients’ survival rates but also relieve the pain for patients. We could not image how the hospital would be without these greatest discoveries. So it is obvious that discovery in medical field is a good thing. The discovery is not only benefit in medical field, but also benefit in our normal lives. Today discoveries have deeply  effect human lives. They bring great convenience to daily life. What would happen if no one discovered electricity? We would not be able to watch TV, and use our computers or cell phones. Because neither of them would work properly. Also no air-conditions, no refrigerators, no elevators. A lot of things would be done by hand. All of people would go to bed about 8 pm because there is not much to do after dark. Especially, the out activities would be difficult and dangerous without outside lights. I do not think human would go back after adapting to the electricity world. In our modern society where all aspects of our lives are al most totally dependent upon electricity. All of these equipment we used today, we owe thanks to Benjamin Franklin who discovered electricity in 1752. Thus I think discovery is so important in our daily lives. No discovery, no comfortable life. Humans crave knowledge. It’s hard-wired into our DNA. Without discovery, we would never have left the cave, invented the wheel or flown to outer space. Human development need new technology and innovation. No innovation, no development. Discovery is one of most important methods of innovation. If Benjamin Franklin did not discover electricity, perhaps Thomas Edison would not invent electric light. If John Bardeen did not discover the transistor effect of semi -conductor materials, maybe Robert Watson-Watt would not invent radar. DNA is another example. Francis Crick and James Wat son discovered DNA. That discovery has been called â€Å"the most significant discovery of the century.† DNA structure al lowed medical scientists to understand many deadly diseases, and to find cures. In conclusion, I think discovery advance human development. Today’s discoveries will shape tomorrow’s world. So human will never stop discovery the world. Discoveries are often unexpected. No matter how or why something (like uranium or anthrax) was discovered. The discovery itself was not harmful,but what humans do with it can be. That is why I always think discovery is a good thing. Discoveries mark the progress of human civilizations. They advance human development. New discoveries in medical field have opened up new possibilities in treatment a lot of human sickness. So far that diseases like cancer and HIV is not so horrifying. And as we all know discoveries bring great convenience to our daily lives. So who could say discovery is not a good thing.

George Gray Essay

Have you felt you wanted to get somewhere but are too afraid to do it. In George Gray he is reaching to find meaning in his life but is too afraid to find something. He is too scared that he will be hurt by the outcome or defeated by life in some way that he will not reach out. Now in his poem he is telling how he wants to find the meaning of life by saying he will set the sails to and find it. The mood of this poem is depressing, and demoralizing. The author has no meaning in life and it is horrible as he puts it. The mood is set in this poem by some of the words like sorrow, dreaded, madness, and torture. These are used to show how it is like during and before the journey towards a meaning. The first literary device is the personification, â€Å"Sorrow knocked at my door.† What this is saying is that he felt so depressed that sorrow was right next to him. Like the saying death came knocking at my door this means that he was taken over by sorrow just like someone is taken over by death. The second literary device is â€Å"Ambition called to me.† This is another personification. What it is trying to say is that he had a chance to do something great but he was too fearful of the outcome that he did not do it. What the poem is leading up to is that he has had so many chances to have a purpose in life but always shuts them out. In conclusion what this poem was trying to do, was show the reader about the authors life, and how he had shut out every good thing that had come his way. The personification in this poem emphasized the multiple opportunities he had to help himself.

Best Target Market at Behavioral Segmentation

Red Bull has identified the best target market for its product at behavioral segmentation. Red Bull was set up by Mr. Dietrich Mateschitz and Mr. Chalerm Yoovidhya in Austria since 1984. It took another three years to adapt the blue-collar drink to appeal to a completely different market – initially, skiers and mountain snowboarders. Red Bull is non-alcoholic energy drink which adding only carbon dioxide, while retaining the original Thai ingredients of B-vitamins, caffeine, sugar, and the amino acid taurine to let it more refreshing in the beginning. Mr. Mateschitz found that their customers also included all-night disco dancers, cosmopolitans college students cramming for exams, and energy-burning sports enthusiasts across Europe and North America who cult Red Bull as contain a promise of improved their performance especially during the times of increased stress or strain. Thus, Red Bull is not just an energy drink it is primarily a utility drink to be taken against mental or physical weariness or exhaustion. That means use Red Bull to help in increase endurance and heighten alertness as well as reactions and generally spoken the use of Red Bull helps to cope with the challenges of every day life, which includes sports, work and leisure. I agreed that Red Bull has identified the best target market for its product at behavioral segmentation, especially in workers, athletes and Clubber. 1/ Worker Red Bull was popular with Thai truck drivers, rice farmers and work hard such as a manager or street worker to keep them awake while working long hours. Red Bull is non-alcoholic energy drink which concocting a caffeine-rich energy drink for them to get pushed up and would rather than a coffee. 2/ Athletes Red Bull supports over 240 athletes worldwide mainly in a diverse range of extreme sports, including kite boarding, windsurfing, motocross, freeskiirig, triathlon, mountain biking, hand gliding, cliff diving, beach volleyball, inline skating and paragliding as part of its promotion efforts. The athletes would find that Red Bull is usually a person who takes his sport very serious, what means he wants to get the best out of his body. Therefore Red Bull is part of his diet and sport life for him; it is a very good and easy way to import his endurance or speed. 3/ Clubber The typical Red Bull drinker is dynamic and active; the gender does not play any role at all. But it is more likely that more younger who like to go out fall for Red Bull. Research (PHT, 11/97 Smith Kline Beecham Energy & Sports Drinks Report) has shown that 53% of the people who drink energy/ sports drinks are within the age between 14-34 years. Moreover they found out that the main reason for purchasing energy/sports drinks were to quench thirst (37%) and give boost. Red Bull might target the other market segments at Generation Y types and Clubber in China. In the recent years, people willing to have a new taste in the good energy drinks that the Red Bull might target the other market segments which Mateschitz also concedes that the first generation of drinkers he wooed is now aging and Red Bull need to get a new generation of 16-year-olds on board every year. In market segments, Red Bull might target at Generation Y types and younger to develop the wide market especially for younger people and in China market, especially in Clubber, for the group of people in different events or activities to get fresh and energy to present the good performance. 1/ Generation Y Types and younger In recent survey of British marketers which dubbed Red Bull’s effort as a â€Å"non-marketed brand† phenomenon during 1990s. Red Bull used â€Å"street teams† to spread the word to important, trend setting Generation Y types. It carefully won over these hips influential set off a grass roots marketing wave. It also deploys â€Å"mobile energy teams† to hand out free samples at places where people might need an energy boost such as in gyms, office buildings and construction sites. It would get a new generation of 16-year-olds on board continuous every year by TV commercials demonstrate Red Bull’s stimulating effect on body and mind in a spirited, fresh, ironic and witty way to win the image and brand name in the worldwide market. / Market in China, especially at Clubber Red Bull should have a good chance to get the market in China, especially promote Red Bull and develop its image in Clubber as Stealth marketing strategy to win the a large marketing share percentage in China and good and health image in the market; younger people, dancer, and workers and office manger would like to have this energy drinks. Who is Red Bull’s competitor? Red Bull is a non-alcoholic energy drink and there fore falls under the category of soft drinks. Thus, Coca-cola, Pepsi Cola and Anheuser Blusch were the competitors to Red Bull. These are big company and developed for several years of their soft drinks in different seasons or events.. Soft drinks can be divided into sub-segments and one of these segments is energy and sports drinks. These can be divided again into 3 different catagories; glucose energy drink; sport drinks and high energy stimulation drinks which also the direct competitors to Red Bull. Energy Drinks have become very famous in the last decade. During the last ten years, there were established hundreds of them around the world, such as Gatorade, PowerAde by Coca-Cola and All Sports by Pepsi Cola. All of them are marketed as energy spending and as very suitable mixer with alcohol. Although, the above are prepared to penetrate the market very soon, it is not easy to compare the image and brand name of Red Bull in the market, especially in Sport.

BMW Group Essay

Bayersiche Motoren Werke Group (BMW Group) is a German company whose operations are â€Å"focused on the premium segments of the international automobile markets (BMW Group)†. BMW Group was founded in 1916 and established its main plant and headquarters in Munich, Germany just after World War I in 1922. Those facilities exist as BMW’s headquarters and flagship plant to this day (BMW Group). BMW Group coordinates its activities in more than 150 countries on 6 continents and operates 29 manufacturing facilities in 13 of those countries (BMW Group). Those manufacturing facilities are concentrated in Western Europe with 9 in Germany, 2 in Austria, and 3 in the UK. Its other manufacturing facilities and joint-owned plants are scattered abroad with 3 in North America, 2 in South America, 2 in Africa, and 7 in Asia (BMW Group). With BMW, MINI, and Rolls-Royce, the BMW Group owns three premium brands in the global automobile industry. In addition to its strong position in the m otorcycles market with the BMW brand, the BMW Group also offers a successful range of financial services which make up a relatively small portion of BMW Group’s total revenue (BMW Group). BMW Group reports its segmented revenues according to geographical sales. The graph below breaks BMW Group’s overall annual revenues into 4 geographic categories with 3 subcategories: Figure 1 – Overall Revenue Growth by Geographic Operating Segment Expressed in Euros. Source: BMW Group’s 2012 Annual Report As shown in Figure 1, the European and Asian markets in particular have shown impressive sales growth since 2009 with CAGRs of 7% and 44%, respectively. BMW Group’s revenues from China alone have increased from â‚ ¬2.76 billion to â‚ ¬14.44 billion in 4 years (CAGR:51%). Huge sales growth in the Asian market has proven very lucrative for BMW Group who forecasts further growth, especially in developing markets. Figure 2 – Business Segments as % of Total Revenues Figure 2 shows BMW Group’s segmented revenue as it relates to total annual revenue. This chart emphasizes, again, the growth of BMW Group’s Asian  segment, the relatively flat percentage of sales in the Americas, and the slight decrease in total revenue coming from Europe. With the majority of BMW Group’s manufacturing facilities in Europe, we might see more facilities being built in Asian countries like China as BMW Group shifts its focus to lucrative emerging markets in the future. Figure 3 – Revenues by Segment for Reporting Purposes For reporting purposes, BMW Group breaks their statements into categories: Automotive and Other (Motorcycles, Financial Services, Other Entities, and Eliminations). Figure 3 offers an example of the detailed breakdown with subcategories included. See Appendix A for further details. Source: BMW Group Annual Statement As a percentage of total revenue, Figure 3 indicates that automotive sales made up 91.4% of BMW Group’s revenue in 2012 and 91.9% in 2011. This slight downward trend can be attributed to the growth of BMW Group’s financial services sector which is relatively new having begun in 1993 (BMW Financial Services). Figure 4 – Growth of Balance Sheet Components Source: BMW Group Annual Statement Figure 4 offers an insightful glance at BMW Group’s Asset/Liability balance. One important note is the debt/equity ratio shown on the right side of the graph. BMW Group states its equity ratio at 23.1% in 2012 and 22% in 2011 (BMW Group). This means BMW Group chooses to finance its operations mostly with debt. To aid that decision, BMW Group has an S&P short-term credit rating of A-1 and a long-term credit rating of A+ allowing BMW Group to borrow at lower rates (BMW Group). This will be discussed further in our risk management policy overview. Another important note is the ratio of current assets/non-current assets which sits around 33%. BMW Group’s current assets consist mostly of receivables from sales financing and inventories while their larger non-current assets consist mostly of long-term receivables from sales financing and leased products. As a measure of liquidity, BMW’s current ratio for 2012 is 1.04 which signifies that BMW Group maintains an efficien t operating cycle and is capable of handling its financial obligations, even though â‚ ¬32 billion are tied up in  non-current receivables. BMW Group’s Foreign Exchange (FX) Risk Management Policy In order to achieve growth, profitability, and sustainable levels of business in the future, BMW Group understands that it must expose itself to a degree of calculated risk. In its most recent quarterly statement to its stockholders, BMW Group recognized that, â€Å"Managing risks is a fundamental prerequisite for being able to deal successfully with the constant flow of changes in the relevant political, legal, technical and economic landscapes† (BMW Group). BMW Group’s discussion in its annual report around the many risks it faces is extensive. The report includes risk topics around sales and marketing, pension obligations, information technology, raw materials, and many other detailed business components. For this discussion, we will focus on financial risks and those relating to their international risk management. The first category of financial risk is exchange risk. For BMW Group, the sale of vehicles outside the Eurozone gives rise to exchange risk because changes in exchange rates, especially between the US dollar, Chinese renminbi, British pound, Russian rouble, and the Japanese yen, subject BMW Group to transaction exposure. BMW Group claims to manage currency risks at two different levels: strategic (medium and long-term) and operating (short and medium-term) (BMW Group). For medium and long-term risks, foreign exchange risks are managed by â€Å"natural hedging†, or by increasing the volume of purchases denominated in foreign currencies or increasing the volume of local production (BMW Group). An example of strategic risk mitigation in this context might be the opening of a new plant in South Carolina, USA in 2012 to help reduce foreign exchange risk in a major sales market. For short and medium-term risks, hedging transactions are entered into with financial partners of excelle nt credit standing to mitigate operating risk. In its most recent annual statement, BMW Group clarifies that they only use derivative financial instruments for hedging purposes â€Å"in order to reduce currency, interest rate, fair value, and market price risks from operating activities and related financing requirements† (BMW Group). BMW Group operates under International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) which  requires all derivative financial instruments (interest, currency swaps, forward currencies, forward commodities contracts, etc.) to be measured at fair value, regardless of the intention for which they are held. At year end, 2012, BMW Group held derivative instruments (mostly interest rate swaps) with terms of up to 25 months to hedge interest rates arising on financial instruments with variable interest payments over the forecasted two years. BMW Group also held derivative instruments (mostly commodity swaps) with terms of up to 60 months to hedge raw material price risks attached to future transactions over the next five years. Lastly, BMW Group held derivative instruments (mostly option and forward contract options) with terms of up to 72 months to hedge currency risks attached to future transactions. As stated in a previous segment, BMW Group’s debt ratio is carefully manipulated to achieve what BMW Group feels is its optimal capital structure. BMW Group’s debt ratio has averaged about 78% for the past five years with no indication of a future change in their annual statement. An important aspect of risk management as it relates to their capital structure is the careful sel ection of financial instruments with the objective to achieve matching maturities for their debt requirements and other financial obligations (BMW Group). BMW Group seems to do a good job of timing their payments and managing the risks associated with those payments to make sure they can shoulder the burden of their nearly â‚ ¬70 billion in total financial liabilities (Q3 2013 Report). Another category for discussion is the risk around BMW Group’s procurement of raw materials. Since the availability and price of certain groups of raw materials are subject to change, BMW Group pays close attention to commodities markets to stay aware of changing landscapes (BMW Group). According to their annual statement, BMW Group utilizes financial derivatives to hedge against price risks for essential metals like platinum, palladium, aluminum, copper, and lead. BMW Group also recognizes the risk they face because of the indirect impact changes in the price of crude oil have on their production costs. Oil prices affect customers’ behavior around purchasing BMW Group’s products because consumers will often search out a substitute instead of absorb  higher fuel costs. BMW Group feels that a proper response to this risk is simply to develop and sell efficient and economical engines to reinforce their value proposition (BMW Group). BMW Group is concerned about the creditworthiness of its lenders, borrowers, and derivative instruments partners. Every borrower’s creditworthiness is tested for all credit financing and lease contracts entered into by the BMW Group (Annual Report). Retailers’ creditworthiness is assessed using validated scoring systems integrated into the purchasing process (BMW Group). BMW Group’s overall credit risk related to derivative financial instruments is minimized by the fact that BMW Group will only consider contracts with parties of first-class credit standing. Because of BMW Group’s close attention to detail and aggressive management of its international risk, the general credit risk on derivative financial instruments utilized by BMW Group is considered to be insignificant (BMW Group). Figure 5 – Breakdown of Other Comprehensive Income Source: BMW Group Annual Statement Figure 5 presents a detailed breakdown of Other Comprehensive Income including the gains/losses on financial instruments used for hedging purposes and the exchange differences on translating foreign operations for 2011 and 2012. Since BMW Group claims it only utilizes derivative financial instruments as a risk management tactic, this segment should operate as a cost center. On average, the gains/losses on financial instruments should help protect BMW Group from wild volatility from its many sources of diversifiable risk. Exchange differences are also lumped into OCI and shows the effect of exchange rate differences in the currencies belonging to the many countries BMW Group serves. Conclusion BMW Group has expanded in a fairly short period of time into operations (through direct investment or licensed dealerships) in more than 150 countries. To date, BMW Group has done an exceptional job expanding and investing in foreign markets. In many cases, the use of joint ventures with local companies has helped BMW Group enter new markets. This is usually a less risky undertaking because if the venture fails, they shoulder a smaller risk than their local counterparts. If the venture is successful, then the company transitions smoothly into the new market with greater confidence and consistency. This method has proven to be very effective for BMW Group, especially in the rapid growing Asian markets where they can test new markets and mitigate risk by transferring most of the risk to their venture partners. BMW group has built strong foreign segments, especially in the United States and China. This has been evidenced in the US by strong brand awareness and brand association coupled with significant overall revenue performance with the US contributing 18% of BMW Group’s revenues. BMW Group’s strong performance in China is evidenced by a 51% CAGR over the past 5 years which boost ed BMW’s overall revenue from â‚ ¬53 billion in 2007 to â‚ ¬77 billion in 2012 (CAGR: 15%). With their large success in international expansion, they have had mixed success with their hedging strategies. Their gains/losses on financial derivative hedging instruments in 2012 were a large improvement over 2011 with a â‚ ¬770 million increase in 2012 compared to a â‚ ¬733 million decrease for 2011. Conversely, BMW Group took a loss in exchange differences from foreign operations of â‚ ¬123 million in 2012 and a â‚ ¬168 million gain and 2011 (Figure 5). Without further detailing the historical patterns of those line items, it seems BMW Group is getting progressively better at managing their transaction exposure and other foreign operations risks. A brief look at BMW Group’s annual statement proves that they have done an excellent job identifying potential risks and setting controls and policies to protect themselves. If they can continue to grow their segments in the Americas and Asia, they will continue to establish themselves as a global manufacturer of quality vehicles as is their stated mission. One organizational risk that BMW recognizes and must continue to avoid is using derivative financial instruments for speculative trade instead of loss prevention. If BMW Group can maintain their brand in Europe, continue to grow in their American and Asian segments, and continue to use hedging and derivative tools conservatively as a risk mitigation tool, they will see continued success and healthy growth with solid future earning s and a steadily growing stock price. Figures expressed in Euros. Figures expressed in thousands. WORKS CITED â€Å"Annual Report 2012.† BMW Group : Investor Relations / Financial Reports / Annual Report. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Mar. 2014. . â€Å"BMW Group : Company : History : Milestones.† BMW Group : Company : History : Milestones. N.p., n.d. Web. 14 Mar. 2014. . â€Å"BMW GROUP IN THE UK..† BMW Market: About Us. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Mar. 2014. . â€Å"BMW Profile & Executives.†Bloomberg.com. Bloomberg, n.d. Web. 15 Mar. 2014. . â€Å"Financial Services.† Overview. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Mar. 2014. . â€Å"Q3 Report (September 30, 2013).† BMW Group : Investor Relations : Quarterly Report. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Mar. 2014. .

Academic English Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 2

Academic English - Essay Example The different areas of recognition that came from the child labor movement have proven that there are no circumstances in which child labor is an acceptable cause. Since it moves against the child’s natural physical and mental development, it is a detriment to the child to be forced to move into a labor situation and to not have the needs of a child that is growing in society. There are several companies that find it acceptable to use child labor, specifically because of the surrounding circumstances and economy. For most, this leads to a different level of reinforcement that provides the economy with more manufactured goods. More importantly, adults that aren’t able to work are able to allow their children to work under certain circumstances to support the family and the needs that are a part of the household. The main reason why child labor is continuously used is to help a family to move out of poverty and to better the circumstances in which the family is living in. More importantly, some countries have established roles with children that are based specifically on roles that the children should hold. Traditional ideals of the women’s role in society, implications of what the child is to do after they have gone through school and educational factors all influence the decision of the family to move a child into the labor force as opposed to helping them to go through the extra schooling that is required for the betterment of their cognitive development (Siddiqi, Patrinos, 2004). The several reasons behind child labor expand into the need for survival which is depicted by the family and those that are in the surrounding environment. In many countries, the concept of schooling and cognitive development is considered as secondary and isn’t as pertinent to the economic needs that are within the household. The traditional role of the household sees the aspect of child labor as one that is expected and which is a part of the upbringing of a child.

Effective Performance of Prudential Securities and Bridgestone Case Study - 10

Effective Performance of Prudential Securities and Bridgestone Firestone Organizations - Case Study Example This paper illustrates that Prudential security is an investment bank that up to December 2000 had operated for 20 years. Its core business focused on both issuer and investor services to customers. However, because of stiff competition and poor strategy, the organization could not survive effectively in the industry and subsequently had to divest part of its product range. Its prospects failed ideally due to bad strategy and execution of its mandate in the financial sector that require explicit and dynamic decisions. This is keen on addressing business matters. As explained, the cooperation did not have strong and relevant synergies capable of building its effectiveness. Consequently, the bank also failed to offer other major services beyond issuers and investor services to clients who always expected extra services. In such an environment, the bank needed to adopt clear policies and differentiation tactics that would build its image in the entire industry and on clients. In the glo bal business arena gaining competitive superiority and growth is based on organizational key incentives that are invested to compel the idea. The decision to undertake any business venture has consistently not been considered flawed, even business scholars and successful managers assert that its execution is paramount. The bank clearly through its management failed to adequately practice strong cooperate fiduciary functions. This could have ensured proper integration of its services and management. Therefore, the business simply failed because of poor and inconsistent execution of vital business aspects that could have catalyzed its competitiveness. In the tire sector, earning business prestige as a prudent and effective product provider is paramount for sustainable performance especially in recent days when the sector is increasingly becoming more volatile. Consequently, any successful gains and performance are much dependent on product portfolio, accurate strategies and balanced r esource distribution to the respective business units.

HEALTH LAW AND ETHICS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 14

HEALTH LAW AND ETHICS - Essay Example issue but at the same time, warns them that false reporting and exaggeration can incur them loss, so that a dual-action is developed to make them honest in their reporting of the way things are going in the workplace. Hospitals can outsource the services when tough ethical decisions about resource allocation have to be made. Outsourcing is suitable particularly in the cases of ethical dilemma e.g. when there are two patients needing immediate attention of the doctor simultaneously. Another way is to always keep certain resources ready for employment on immediate basis. For example, one of the off-duty nurses can be called upon work because of shortage of nurses at a certain time but the nurse must be compensated for the unscheduled call of duty. When these options are not available, then the hospital should assess which of the subjects is in a greater need of resource allocation, and the resources must be allocated

Utilising theory, concepts and tools explored in the module, Essay

Utilising theory, concepts and tools explored in the module, critically evaluate the strategic marketing of a product, service or business offering of your choice - Essay Example nder the segment of beverages is enhancing its brand image and portfolio to a significant extent thereby amplifying their portfolio and reputation in the entire globe. One of such reputed organizations operating successful in the segment of beverage is Coca-Cola. Coca-Cola is one of the reputed organizations, operating in the segment of carbonated soft drinks, since 1886. It is introduced in the region of Atlanta of Georgia, but expanded its wings in the entire globe very quickly and rapidly (Coca-Cola, 2014). It became possible mainly due to the presence of numerous product lines such as Caffeine-free coca-cola, Parsi Cola, Virgin Cola, Coca-Cola-Vanila, Coca-Cola Cherry etc (Coca-Cola, 2014). Due to which, it attained the reward of best global brand in the year 2011. Other than this, within a very small time frame, it enhanced its profit margin by 15.31 percent in 31st March, 2014 (Ycharts, 2014). Along with this, the market share and brand image of the organization of Coca-Cola enhanced with a significant extent that amplified its position and sustainability as well (Coca-Cola, 2014). The rationale of this essay is to analyse critically the strategic marketing policies used by the organization of Coca-Cola in order to promote its product, diet coke in the entire globe among other competing firms. Moreover, the essay also comprises of varied types of marketing concepts, theories and tools in order to evaluate the effective strategies used. Strategic marketing is the procedure to cope up with the policies and strategies of the existing competitors so as to amplify the brand value of an organization. Similarly, the process of strategic marketing is performed for the organization of Coca-Cola, in order to analyse the demands and requirements of its target market so as to fulfil it. Only then, the organization of Coca-Cola might become successful in amplifying its image and reputation in this aggressive market among many other rival contenders (Beall, 2010, pp.

Debating the Atomic Bomb in the New York Times Article

Debating the Atomic Bomb in the New York Times - Article Example This editorial makes it a point to mention that, if a third world war is to be avoided, then the public must become even more involved. The author of this editorial, who is not named, makes the point that scientists are creating weapons that can alter the course of history. As such, they must have a responsibility to ensure these weapons are used as a deterrent, rather than for purposes of evil. The author contends that never before in history have scientists held so much power and, as such, a debate must take place to determine how, if ever, such bombs will be used again. This keeps in line with the political leaning of the New York Times during this time period. The paper, while not necessarily being outspoken critics of war efforts undertaken by the United States, certainly advocated a stance more towards the concept of neutrality. The Atomic Bomb was a big step in the advancement of war technology and editorials in the New York Times during 1945 took a hesitant stance towards its further development. If you will, it would appear that the editorial board of the paper certainly did not want to appear proud of the fact that we had dropped two such massive bombs on Japan. Finally, this editorial piece focused its attention on the beginning to educate the public more about the advances of science. To this point, the author contends that scientific advancement went largely unnoticed. Now that weapons, such as the atomic bomb, are being created, the public must have more of a voice. The obvious point here is made that the decision to use such weapons eventually impacts every citizen in the country, so they need to make their voices heard. This position of getting the public more involved in the affairs of science is the overarching theme of this particular editorial. Analysis The author of this editorial has two main points. The major idea centers on the responsibility that scientists who are in charge of creating such weapons as the atomic bomb have. This respons ibility entails them understanding the power of destruction they hold over the world as these bombs are created. Furthermore, a second underlying theme of the editorial the contention that scientists need to bring the atomic bomb debate to the American people. Since citizens are directly impacted by these weapons use, all of society has the responsibility to let the government know whether or not they approve of its eventual deployment in times of war. The atomic bomb was designed to bring a quick end to any conflict. Scientists developed it with this end result in mind.